ProstT5 icon

ProstT5

(0.0.1)

Bidirectional translation between protein sequences and 3Di structural tokens Learn more

ProstT5 icon

ProstT5

(0.0.1)

Bidirectional translation between protein sequences and 3Di structural tokens Learn more

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Input

Configuration

50 credits

Output

Configure inputs to begin

Set options on the left, then click “Submit job”.

What is ProstT5?

ProstT5 is a bilingual protein language model that translates between amino acid sequences and 3Di structural tokens, the compact structural alphabet used by FoldSeek. It can predict a 3Di string from sequence, generate an amino acid sequence from 3Di tokens, or extract encoder embeddings.

The model is based on ProtT5-XL-U50 and was fine-tuned on structures from the AlphaFold Database. A predicted 3Di string is a structural representation, not an atomic model. Use AlphaFold2 when you need coordinates and confidence scores.

How to use ProstT5 online

ProteinIQ runs the published ProstT5 0.0.1 programs for translation and embedding extraction. Submit one raw sequence or a multi-record FASTA file, choose the task, and run the job. You can also fetch an amino acid sequence through the RCSB input action.

Inputs

InputAccepted formatNotes
Amino acid sequenceFASTA or raw sequenceUse uppercase one-letter codes. Gaps and whitespace are removed. Translation converts U, Z, O, and B to X; embedding extraction follows ProstT5's own preprocessing.
3Di tokensFASTA or raw sequenceSelect 3Di to Sequence, or choose 3Di structural tokens for embeddings. Uppercase and lowercase tokens are accepted and normalized by ProstT5.
RCSB sequenceRCSB fetcherFetches amino acid FASTA input. It is suitable for Sequence to 3Di and amino acid embeddings.

A job can contain up to 100 sequences, 1,000 residues per sequence, and 4,000 residues in total. These are ProteinIQ execution limits for the T4 runtime. Complete FASTA headers are preserved. Translation output identifiers use ProstT5's 0_ prefix and are returned longest-first, matching the published program. For embeddings, ProstT5 replaces / and . with _ in HDF5 dataset names.

Settings

SettingDefaultDescription
Translation modeSequence to 3DiPredict 3Di tokens, perform inverse translation, or extract embeddings.
Embedding input alphabetAmino acid sequenceEmbeddings mode only. Explicitly selects amino acid or 3Di input, including uppercase 3Di strings.
Use half precision (FP16)EnabledUses FP16 for faster GPU inference. Disable it to run in FP32.
Mean-pool embeddings per proteinDisabledEmbeddings mode only. Averages residue embeddings into one 1024-value vector per sequence.

Results

ModeMain resultOther filesInterpretation
Sequence to 3Digenerated_sequences.fastagen_config.json, prepared FASTA, and execution logLowercase 3Di predictions for downstream structural-token analysis.
3Di to Sequencegenerated_sequences.fastagen_config.json, prepared FASTA, and execution logAmino acid sequences generated from the submitted 3Di pattern.
Extract embeddingsembedding_summary.txtprostt5_embeddings.h5, prepared FASTA, and execution logPer-residue or mean-pooled encoder representations.

The generated FASTA and HDF5 files are the files written by ProstT5 itself. FP16 embedding jobs retain native float16 HDF5 values; FP32 jobs retain float32 values. ProteinIQ reports each dataset's exact shape and dtype without converting the array.

Translation uses ProstT5's published sampling parameters and fixed random seed of 42. The program writes the active generation settings to gen_config.json. Rare length mismatches follow ProstT5 0.0.1 behavior: overlong results are truncated, while shorter results are returned as generated rather than padded with invented residues.

How ProstT5 works

ProstT5 treats amino acid sequences and 3Di strings as two related languages. Directional prefixes tell the model which representation to produce:

  • <AA2fold> maps amino acids to 3Di and is also used for amino acid embeddings.
  • <fold2AA> maps 3Di to amino acids and is also used for 3Di embeddings.

For translation, mode-specific forbidden-token constraints keep amino acid symbols out of 3Di predictions and 3Di-only symbols out of amino acid predictions. For embeddings, the encoder returns a 1024-value representation for each residue; optional mean pooling returns one vector per sequence.

3Di structural tokens

3Di converts a protein backbone environment into a sequence over 20 token states. This makes structural similarity searchable with fast sequence-alignment machinery. The representation is intentionally compact and does not preserve full coordinates, side-chain geometry, ligand contacts, or alternate conformations.

When to use ProstT5 vs alternatives

TaskBetter choiceWhy
Predict structural tokens from sequenceProstT5Produces 3Di directly without first generating a coordinate model.
Search structural homologsFoldSeekFoldseek performs the database search; ProstT5 can supply predicted 3Di when only sequence is available.
Predict atomic coordinatesAlphaFold2Returns a 3D model and confidence scores.
Generate sequence embeddingsProstT5 or ESM-2ProstT5 incorporates 3Di-aware training; ESM-2 is a strong sequence-only baseline.
Inverse fold from a full backboneESM-IF1Conditions on backbone coordinates rather than compressed 3Di tokens.

Practical limitations

  • 3Di is compressed structure: It does not encode atomic coordinates, side-chain packing, cofactors, or protein-ligand interactions.
  • No confidence score: ProstT5 does not return pLDDT-style confidence. Validate generated sequences or tokens downstream.
  • Single-chain focus: Multimer interfaces and ligand-bound conformations are outside the direct modeling target.
  • Long-sequence extrapolation: The published program notes that sequences beyond 512 residues are outside its training length. ProteinIQ accepts up to 1,000 residues but results for long proteins need extra scrutiny.
  • Approximate inverse translation: A 3Di string does not contain every constraint needed for atomically precise protein design.

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