
Reverse transcribe RNA sequences to DNA by replacing uracil with thymine. Learn more
Input
How to convert RNA to DNA
Paste an RNA sequence or upload a FASTA file, choose the output formatting, then select Convert. The RNA to DNA converter changes every uracil (U) to thymine (T), keeps the sequence order and supported ambiguity symbols, and returns a copyable, downloadable .fasta file. It accepts a single raw sequence as well as multiple FASTA records.
For example, the mature hsa-miR-21-5p RNA sequence converts as follows with the default settings:
>hsa-miR-21-5p
UAGCUUAUCAGACUGAUGUUGA>dna_hsa-miR-21-5p
TAGCTTATCAGACTGATGTTGAThe default header option adds dna_ at the beginning of each FASTA identifier. For a multi-record input, each record is converted independently:
>hsa-miR-21-5p
UAGCUUAUCAGACUGAUGUUGA
>hsa-miR-16-5p
UAGCAGCACGUAAAUAUUGGCG>dna_hsa-miR-21-5p
TAGCTTATCAGACTGATGTTGA
>dna_hsa-miR-16-5p
TAGCAGCACGTAAATATTGGCGTo retain lowercase annotations, select Preserve original case, turn off Add suffix to headers, and choose No wrapping (single line). This input:
>mixed_case_RNA
aUgcuuAreturns:
>mixed_case_RNA
aTgcttAInput
| Input | Details |
|---|---|
RNA input | One required RNA sequence, pasted as raw text or FASTA, or uploaded as .txt, .fasta, .fa, .fas, or .seq. Uploaded files can be up to 50 MB. |
With validation enabled, the converter accepts A, U, C, G, and the IUPAC ambiguity codes R, Y, S, W, N, K, M, B, D, H, and V. Alignment gap characters . and - are also accepted and retained. Whitespace within a sequence is removed before conversion.
Raw sequence text is written as a FASTA record. For example, AUGCUU produces the header >dna_Sequence and the sequence ATGCTT with the default header setting.
Settings
| Setting | Options and behavior |
|---|---|
Output case | UPPERCASE (ATCG) is the default and converts sequence lines to uppercase. lowercase (atcg) lowercases sequence lines. Preserve original case keeps the capitalization of each input base while changing U to T. FASTA headers are not case-converted. |
Line wrapping | 80 characters per line (standard) is the default. Choose 60 characters per line for shorter FASTA lines, or No wrapping (single line) to place each converted sequence on one line. |
Validate input sequences | Enabled by default. Invalid records are omitted from the result and reported as warnings if another record can be converted. A record containing T is allowed but receives a warning because RNA normally uses U; the existing T is retained. Disable this setting only when intentionally preserving other characters, because it does not clean or replace them. |
Add suffix to headers | Enabled by default. It adds dna_ before each FASTA header text, so >sample becomes >dna_sample. Turn it off to preserve the original header exactly. |
Results
| Output | Contents |
|---|---|
| Preview | The converted FASTA text, including headers and the selected line wrapping. It can be copied directly. |
.fasta file | The same converted text as a downloadable file. An uploaded experiment.fa becomes experiment.fasta; pasted input downloads as converted.fasta. |
There is no separate report file. The conversion records the number of successful sequences and their total length, while validation messages are returned as warnings.
What does RNA to DNA conversion mean here?
This converter performs a notation change: U becomes T, while A, C, G, ambiguity symbols, and sequence order stay the same. It is useful when the same strand needs to be represented with DNA alphabet conventions for a FASTA file, a cloning workflow, or software that expects thymine instead of uracil.
It does not simulate an enzymatic reverse-transcription reaction and does not calculate the complementary strand. A cDNA synthesized from an RNA template is complementary to that template. When you need the reverse, complement, or reverse-complement sequence, use the reverse complement generator and select RNA as the sequence type.
| RNA character | DNA output |
|---|---|
A | A |
U | T |
C | C |
G | G |
Which sequence converter should I use?
| Goal | Best tool | Use when |
|---|---|---|
| RNA to DNA notation conversion | RNA to DNA converter | The sequence order should stay the same and each U should become T. |
| DNA to RNA transcription notation | DNA to RNA | A DNA-style sequence needs T changed to U. |
| Complementary RNA or DNA strand | Reverse complement | You need a complementary sequence, optionally in reverse orientation. |
| Create clean FASTA from copied text | TXT to FASTA | The input contains line numbers, labels, or other formatting that should be cleaned before conversion. |
| Predict RNA secondary structure | RNAfold | The goal is to model folding rather than change the sequence alphabet. |
FAQ
How do I convert an RNA sequence to DNA?
Paste the RNA sequence or upload a supported text or FASTA file, then run the converter. It changes each U to T and returns a FASTA-formatted DNA representation that can be copied or downloaded.
Does RNA to DNA conversion create complementary DNA?
No. This tool preserves the sequence orientation and only substitutes U with T. For a complementary DNA or RNA strand, use the reverse complement generator with the appropriate sequence type.
Can I convert RNA without a FASTA header?
Yes. A raw RNA sequence is accepted and written as a FASTA record. With the default header option, the generated header is >dna_Sequence.
Can I convert multiple RNA sequences at once?
Yes. Supply a FASTA file with one or more > headers. Each valid record is converted separately, retains its own header text, and is included in the same output file.
Why does the converter warn that my RNA contains T?
T is accepted as a nucleotide symbol, but it indicates DNA-style input where RNA convention normally expects U. The warning does not change or remove the existing T; it calls out the mixed alphabet so it can be checked before downstream use.
Are RNA ambiguity codes preserved?
Yes. The supported IUPAC ambiguity codes are retained exactly, apart from the U to T substitution and the selected letter-case formatting. Alignment gaps . and - are retained as well.
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