{"title":"List of common molecules","description":"Everyday molecules and compounds from air, food, household products, fuels, and industry, each with a category that explains where you meet it.","slug":"common-molecules","url":"https://proteiniq.io/datasets/common-molecules","version":"2026.10.05","updatedAt":"2026-10-05","license":{"id":"CC-BY-4.0","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"attribution":"List of common molecules by ProteinIQ (https://proteiniq.io/datasets/common-molecules), compiled from PubChem, ChEBI, NIST Chemistry WebBook, OpenStax Chemistry. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","citation":"ProteinIQ (2026). List of common molecules, version 2026.10.05. https://proteiniq.io/datasets/common-molecules","sources":[{"name":"PubChem","url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/","role":"Canonical compound identifiers, names, formulas, structures, SMILES, and downloadable compound records.","licenseNote":"NCBI places no restrictions on PubChem data, though original submitters may retain rights in submitted records."},{"name":"ChEBI","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/downloadsForward.do","role":"Chemical ontology classes, biological roles, synonyms, formulas, SMILES, InChI, and ChEBI identifiers.","licenseNote":"ChEBI provides ontology, flat-file, SDF, and SQL downloads from EMBL-EBI."},{"name":"NIST Chemistry WebBook","url":"https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/","role":"Reference physical chemistry data and diatomic constants for selected species.","licenseNote":"NIST SRD 69 should be cited and linked rather than mirrored wholesale."},{"name":"OpenStax Chemistry","url":"https://openstax.org/details/books/chemistry-2e","role":"Chemistry definitions used for educational polarity, bonding, organic chemistry, and molecule-class explanations."}],"columns":[{"key":"name","label":"Name"},{"key":"formula","label":"Formula"},{"key":"molecularWeight","label":"MW (g/mol)"},{"key":"category","label":"Category"},{"key":"smiles","label":"SMILES"},{"key":"pubchemCid","label":"PubChem CID"},{"key":"sourceIds","label":"Source IDs"},{"key":"notes","label":"Notes"}],"rowCount":101,"rows":[{"id":"water","name":"Water","formula":"H2O","molecularWeight":18.02,"category":"Water and solvent","smiles":"O","pubchemCid":"962","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 962"]},{"id":"nitrogen","name":"Nitrogen","formula":"N2","molecularWeight":28.01,"category":"Atmospheric gas","smiles":"N#N","pubchemCid":"947","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 947"],"notes":"About 78% of dry air."},{"id":"oxygen","name":"Oxygen","formula":"O2","molecularWeight":32,"category":"Atmospheric gas","smiles":"O=O","pubchemCid":"977","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 977"],"notes":"About 21% of dry air."},{"id":"argon","name":"Argon","formula":"Ar","molecularWeight":39.95,"category":"Atmospheric gas","smiles":"[Ar]","pubchemCid":"23968","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 23968"],"notes":"Noble gas; about 0.93% of dry air."},{"id":"carbon-dioxide","name":"Carbon dioxide","formula":"CO2","molecularWeight":44.01,"category":"Atmospheric gas","smiles":"C(=O)=O","pubchemCid":"280","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 280"],"notes":"Greenhouse gas; product of respiration and combustion."},{"id":"ozone","name":"Ozone","formula":"O3","molecularWeight":48,"category":"Atmospheric gas","smiles":"[O-][O+]=O","pubchemCid":"24823","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 24823"],"notes":"Absorbs UV light in the stratosphere; a pollutant at ground level."},{"id":"helium","name":"Helium","formula":"He","molecularWeight":4,"category":"Noble gas","smiles":"[He]","pubchemCid":"23987","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 23987"]},{"id":"neon","name":"Neon","formula":"Ne","molecularWeight":20.18,"category":"Noble gas","smiles":"[Ne]","pubchemCid":"23935","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 23935"]},{"id":"hydrogen","name":"Hydrogen","formula":"H2","molecularWeight":2.02,"category":"Fuel gas","smiles":"[HH]","pubchemCid":"783","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 783"]},{"id":"methane","name":"Methane","formula":"CH4","molecularWeight":16.04,"category":"Fuel gas","smiles":"C","pubchemCid":"297","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 297"],"notes":"Main component of natural gas."},{"id":"propane","name":"Propane","formula":"C3H8","molecularWeight":44.1,"category":"Fuel gas","smiles":"CCC","pubchemCid":"6334","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6334"]},{"id":"butane","name":"Butane","formula":"C4H10","molecularWeight":58.12,"category":"Fuel gas","smiles":"CCCC","pubchemCid":"7843","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 7843"],"notes":"Lighter fuel."},{"id":"acetylene","name":"Acetylene","formula":"C2H2","molecularWeight":26.04,"category":"Fuel gas","smiles":"C#C","pubchemCid":"6326","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6326"],"notes":"Used in oxy-acetylene welding torches."},{"id":"isooctane","name":"Isooctane","formula":"C8H18","molecularWeight":114.23,"category":"Fuel component","smiles":"CC(C)CC(C)(C)C","pubchemCid":"10907","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 10907"],"notes":"2,2,4-Trimethylpentane; defines 100 on the octane rating scale."},{"id":"carbon-monoxide","name":"Carbon monoxide","formula":"CO","molecularWeight":28.01,"category":"Combustion pollutant","smiles":"[C-]#[O+]","pubchemCid":"281","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 281"]},{"id":"sulfur-dioxide","name":"Sulfur dioxide","formula":"SO2","molecularWeight":64.06,"category":"Air pollutant","smiles":"O=S=O","pubchemCid":"1119","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1119"]},{"id":"nitrogen-dioxide","name":"Nitrogen dioxide","formula":"NO2","molecularWeight":46.01,"category":"Air pollutant","smiles":"N(=O)[O]","pubchemCid":"3032552","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 3032552"]},{"id":"hydrogen-sulfide","name":"Hydrogen sulfide","formula":"H2S","molecularWeight":34.08,"category":"Toxic gas","smiles":"S","pubchemCid":"402","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 402"],"notes":"Smells of rotten eggs."},{"id":"nitrous-oxide","name":"Nitrous oxide","formula":"N2O","molecularWeight":44.01,"category":"Anesthetic gas","smiles":"[N-]=[N+]=O","pubchemCid":"948","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 948"],"notes":"Laughing gas; also a greenhouse gas."},{"id":"ammonia","name":"Ammonia","formula":"NH3","molecularWeight":17.03,"category":"Base","smiles":"N","pubchemCid":"222","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 222"],"notes":"Fertilizer feedstock and household cleaner."},{"id":"sodium-hydroxide","name":"Sodium hydroxide","formula":"NaOH","molecularWeight":40,"category":"Base","smiles":"[OH-].[Na+]","pubchemCid":"14798","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 14798"],"notes":"Lye; drain cleaner."},{"id":"potassium-hydroxide","name":"Potassium hydroxide","formula":"KOH","molecularWeight":56.11,"category":"Base","smiles":"[OH-].[K+]","pubchemCid":"14797","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 14797"]},{"id":"calcium-hydroxide","name":"Calcium hydroxide","formula":"Ca(OH)2","molecularWeight":74.09,"category":"Base","smiles":"[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2]","pubchemCid":"6093208","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6093208"],"notes":"Slaked lime."},{"id":"hydrogen-chloride","name":"Hydrogen chloride","formula":"HCl","molecularWeight":36.46,"category":"Acid","smiles":"Cl","pubchemCid":"313","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 313"],"notes":"Dissolved in water it is hydrochloric acid, the acid in gastric juice."},{"id":"sulfuric-acid","name":"Sulfuric acid","formula":"H2SO4","molecularWeight":98.07,"category":"Acid","smiles":"OS(=O)(=O)O","pubchemCid":"1118","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1118"],"notes":"Car battery acid."},{"id":"nitric-acid","name":"Nitric acid","formula":"HNO3","molecularWeight":63.01,"category":"Acid","smiles":"[N+](=O)(O)[O-]","pubchemCid":"944","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 944"]},{"id":"phosphoric-acid","name":"Phosphoric acid","formula":"H3PO4","molecularWeight":97.99,"category":"Acid","smiles":"OP(=O)(O)O","pubchemCid":"1004","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1004"],"notes":"Acidulant in cola drinks."},{"id":"acetic-acid","name":"Acetic acid","formula":"C2H4O2","molecularWeight":60.05,"category":"Food acid","smiles":"CC(=O)O","pubchemCid":"176","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 176"],"notes":"The acid in vinegar."},{"id":"citric-acid","name":"Citric acid","formula":"C6H8O7","molecularWeight":192.12,"category":"Food acid","smiles":"C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O","pubchemCid":"311","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 311"],"notes":"The main acid in citrus fruit."},{"id":"lactic-acid","name":"Lactic acid","formula":"C3H6O3","molecularWeight":90.08,"category":"Food acid","smiles":"CC(C(=O)O)O","pubchemCid":"612","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 612"],"notes":"Found in yogurt and sour milk."},{"id":"malic-acid","name":"Malic acid","formula":"C4H6O5","molecularWeight":134.09,"category":"Food acid","smiles":"C(C(C(=O)O)O)C(=O)O","pubchemCid":"525","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 525"],"notes":"Sour acid in apples."},{"id":"ascorbic-acid","name":"Ascorbic acid","formula":"C6H8O6","molecularWeight":176.12,"category":"Vitamin","smiles":"C([C@@H]([C@@H]1C(=C(C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O","pubchemCid":"54670067","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 54670067"],"notes":"Vitamin C."},{"id":"sodium-chloride","name":"Sodium chloride","formula":"NaCl","molecularWeight":58.44,"category":"Salt","smiles":"[Na+].[Cl-]","pubchemCid":"5234","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5234"],"notes":"Table salt; an ionic lattice rather than discrete molecules in the solid."},{"id":"potassium-chloride","name":"Potassium chloride","formula":"KCl","molecularWeight":74.55,"category":"Salt","smiles":"[Cl-].[K+]","pubchemCid":"4873","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 4873"],"notes":"Salt substitute."},{"id":"calcium-chloride","name":"Calcium chloride","formula":"CaCl2","molecularWeight":110.98,"category":"Salt","smiles":"[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2]","pubchemCid":"5284359","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5284359"],"notes":"Road de-icer and desiccant."},{"id":"magnesium-sulfate","name":"Magnesium sulfate","formula":"MgSO4","molecularWeight":120.36,"category":"Salt","smiles":"[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Mg+2]","pubchemCid":"24083","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 24083"],"notes":"Epsom salt is its heptahydrate."},{"id":"sodium-bicarbonate","name":"Sodium bicarbonate","formula":"NaHCO3","molecularWeight":84.01,"category":"Salt","smiles":"C(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+]","pubchemCid":"516892","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 516892"],"notes":"Baking soda."},{"id":"sodium-carbonate","name":"Sodium carbonate","formula":"Na2CO3","molecularWeight":105.99,"category":"Salt","smiles":"C(=O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+]","pubchemCid":"10340","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 10340"],"notes":"Washing soda."},{"id":"calcium-carbonate","name":"Calcium carbonate","formula":"CaCO3","molecularWeight":100.09,"category":"Mineral","smiles":"C(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2]","pubchemCid":"10112","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 10112"],"notes":"Limestone, chalk, marble, and eggshells."},{"id":"silicon-dioxide","name":"Silicon dioxide","formula":"SiO2","molecularWeight":60.08,"category":"Mineral","smiles":"O=[Si]=O","pubchemCid":"24261","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 24261"],"notes":"Quartz and sand; a covalent network solid in nature."},{"id":"sodium-fluoride","name":"Sodium fluoride","formula":"NaF","molecularWeight":41.99,"category":"Salt","smiles":"[F-].[Na+]","pubchemCid":"5235","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5235"],"notes":"Fluoride source in toothpaste."},{"id":"potassium-nitrate","name":"Potassium nitrate","formula":"KNO3","molecularWeight":101.1,"category":"Fertilizer","smiles":"[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[K+]","pubchemCid":"24434","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 24434"],"notes":"Saltpeter."},{"id":"ammonium-nitrate","name":"Ammonium nitrate","formula":"NH4NO3","molecularWeight":80.04,"category":"Fertilizer","smiles":"[NH4+].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-]","pubchemCid":"22985","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 22985"]},{"id":"urea","name":"Urea","formula":"CH4N2O","molecularWeight":60.06,"category":"Fertilizer","smiles":"C(=O)(N)N","pubchemCid":"1176","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1176"],"notes":"Also the main nitrogen waste product in urine."},{"id":"sodium-hypochlorite","name":"Sodium hypochlorite","formula":"NaClO","molecularWeight":74.44,"category":"Cleaning agent","smiles":"[O-]Cl.[Na+]","pubchemCid":"23665760","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 23665760"],"notes":"Active ingredient in household bleach."},{"id":"hydrogen-peroxide","name":"Hydrogen peroxide","formula":"H2O2","molecularWeight":34.01,"category":"Cleaning agent","smiles":"OO","pubchemCid":"784","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 784"],"notes":"Antiseptic and bleaching agent."},{"id":"chlorine","name":"Chlorine","formula":"Cl2","molecularWeight":70.9,"category":"Disinfectant","smiles":"ClCl","pubchemCid":"24526","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 24526"],"notes":"Used to disinfect drinking water and swimming pools."},{"id":"sodium-dodecyl-sulfate","name":"Sodium dodecyl sulfate","formula":"C12H25NaO4S","molecularWeight":288.38,"category":"Surfactant","smiles":"CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+]","pubchemCid":"3423265","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 3423265"],"notes":"Also called sodium lauryl sulfate; foaming agent in shampoo and toothpaste."},{"id":"ethanol","name":"Ethanol","formula":"C2H6O","molecularWeight":46.07,"category":"Alcohol","smiles":"CCO","pubchemCid":"702","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 702"],"notes":"The alcohol in beer, wine, and spirits; also a fuel and solvent."},{"id":"methanol","name":"Methanol","formula":"CH4O","molecularWeight":32.04,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CO","pubchemCid":"887","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 887"],"notes":"Toxic; windshield washer fluid and fuel."},{"id":"isopropanol","name":"Isopropanol","formula":"C3H8O","molecularWeight":60.1,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CC(C)O","pubchemCid":"3776","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 3776"],"notes":"Rubbing alcohol."},{"id":"acetone","name":"Acetone","formula":"C3H6O","molecularWeight":58.08,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CC(=O)C","pubchemCid":"180","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 180"],"notes":"Nail polish remover."},{"id":"ethyl-acetate","name":"Ethyl acetate","formula":"C4H8O2","molecularWeight":88.11,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CCOC(=O)C","pubchemCid":"8857","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 8857"],"notes":"Nail polish remover and glue solvent."},{"id":"diethyl-ether","name":"Diethyl ether","formula":"C4H10O","molecularWeight":74.12,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CCOCC","pubchemCid":"3283","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 3283"],"notes":"Historic surgical anesthetic."},{"id":"chloroform","name":"Chloroform","formula":"CHCl3","molecularWeight":119.37,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"C(Cl)(Cl)Cl","pubchemCid":"6212","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6212"]},{"id":"dichloromethane","name":"Dichloromethane","formula":"CH2Cl2","molecularWeight":84.93,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"C(Cl)Cl","pubchemCid":"6344","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6344"],"notes":"Paint stripper."},{"id":"acetonitrile","name":"Acetonitrile","formula":"C2H3N","molecularWeight":41.05,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CC#N","pubchemCid":"6342","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6342"]},{"id":"dimethyl-sulfoxide","name":"Dimethyl sulfoxide","formula":"C2H6OS","molecularWeight":78.13,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CS(=O)C","pubchemCid":"679","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 679"]},{"id":"hexane","name":"Hexane","formula":"C6H14","molecularWeight":86.18,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CCCCCC","pubchemCid":"8058","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 8058"]},{"id":"toluene","name":"Toluene","formula":"C7H8","molecularWeight":92.14,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"CC1=CC=CC=C1","pubchemCid":"1140","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1140"],"notes":"Paint thinner component."},{"id":"tetrachloroethylene","name":"Tetrachloroethylene","formula":"C2Cl4","molecularWeight":165.82,"category":"Solvent","smiles":"C(=C(Cl)Cl)(Cl)Cl","pubchemCid":"31373","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 31373"],"notes":"Dry-cleaning solvent."},{"id":"ethylene-glycol","name":"Ethylene glycol","formula":"C2H6O2","molecularWeight":62.07,"category":"Antifreeze","smiles":"C(CO)O","pubchemCid":"174","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 174"]},{"id":"propylene-glycol","name":"Propylene glycol","formula":"C3H8O2","molecularWeight":76.1,"category":"Food and cosmetic additive","smiles":"CC(CO)O","pubchemCid":"1030","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1030"]},{"id":"glycerol","name":"Glycerol","formula":"C3H8O3","molecularWeight":92.09,"category":"Food and cosmetic additive","smiles":"C(C(CO)O)O","pubchemCid":"753","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 753"],"notes":"Also called glycerin."},{"id":"d-glucose","name":"D-Glucose","formula":"C6H12O6","molecularWeight":180.16,"category":"Sugar","smiles":"C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)O)O)O)O","pubchemCid":"5793","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5793"],"notes":"Blood sugar; also called dextrose."},{"id":"d-fructose","name":"D-Fructose","formula":"C6H12O6","molecularWeight":180.16,"category":"Sugar","smiles":"C1[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](C(O1)(CO)O)O)O)O","pubchemCid":"2723872","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 2723872"],"notes":"Fruit sugar."},{"id":"sucrose","name":"Sucrose","formula":"C12H22O11","molecularWeight":342.3,"category":"Sugar","smiles":"C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O1)O[C@]2([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O","pubchemCid":"5988","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5988"],"notes":"Table sugar."},{"id":"lactose","name":"Lactose","formula":"C12H22O11","molecularWeight":342.3,"category":"Sugar","smiles":"C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@@H]2[C@H](OC([C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O","pubchemCid":"440995","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 440995"],"notes":"Milk sugar."},{"id":"sorbitol","name":"Sorbitol","formula":"C6H14O6","molecularWeight":182.17,"category":"Sweetener","smiles":"C([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](CO)O)O)O)O)O","pubchemCid":"5780","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5780"],"notes":"Sugar alcohol."},{"id":"saccharin","name":"Saccharin","formula":"C7H5NO3S","molecularWeight":183.18,"category":"Sweetener","smiles":"C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)NS2(=O)=O","pubchemCid":"5143","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5143"]},{"id":"aspartame","name":"Aspartame","formula":"C14H18N2O5","molecularWeight":294.31,"category":"Sweetener","smiles":"COC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)N","pubchemCid":"134601","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 134601"]},{"id":"monosodium-glutamate","name":"Monosodium glutamate","formula":"C5H8NNaO4","molecularWeight":169.11,"category":"Flavor enhancer","smiles":"C(CC(=O)O)[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N.[Na+]","pubchemCid":"23672308","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 23672308"],"notes":"MSG; the sodium salt of glutamic acid."},{"id":"sodium-benzoate","name":"Sodium benzoate","formula":"C7H5NaO2","molecularWeight":144.1,"category":"Food preservative","smiles":"C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)[O-].[Na+]","pubchemCid":"517055","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 517055"]},{"id":"caffeine","name":"Caffeine","formula":"C8H10N4O2","molecularWeight":194.19,"category":"Stimulant","smiles":"CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N(C(=O)N2C)C","pubchemCid":"2519","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 2519"],"notes":"Found in coffee, tea, and energy drinks."},{"id":"theobromine","name":"Theobromine","formula":"C7H8N4O2","molecularWeight":180.17,"category":"Stimulant","smiles":"CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)NC(=O)N2C","pubchemCid":"5429","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5429"],"notes":"Found in cocoa and chocolate."},{"id":"nicotine","name":"Nicotine","formula":"C10H14N2","molecularWeight":162.24,"category":"Stimulant","smiles":"CN1CCC[C@H]1C2=CN=CC=C2","pubchemCid":"89594","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 89594"],"notes":"Found in tobacco."},{"id":"capsaicin","name":"Capsaicin","formula":"C18H27NO3","molecularWeight":305.42,"category":"Food molecule","smiles":"CC(C)/C=C/CCCCC(=O)NCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)OC","pubchemCid":"1548943","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1548943"],"notes":"Gives chili peppers their heat."},{"id":"piperine","name":"Piperine","formula":"C17H19NO3","molecularWeight":285.34,"category":"Food molecule","smiles":"C1CCN(CC1)C(=O)/C=C/C=C/C2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3","pubchemCid":"638024","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 638024"],"notes":"Pungent compound in black pepper."},{"id":"allicin","name":"Allicin","formula":"C6H10OS2","molecularWeight":162.26,"category":"Food molecule","smiles":"C=CCSS(=O)CC=C","pubchemCid":"65036","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 65036"],"notes":"Forms when garlic is crushed."},{"id":"cholesterol","name":"Cholesterol","formula":"C27H46O","molecularWeight":386.66,"category":"Food molecule","smiles":"C[C@H](CCCC(C)C)[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1(CC[C@H]3[C@H]2CC=C4[C@@]3(CC[C@@H](C4)O)C)C","pubchemCid":"5997","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 5997"],"notes":"Sterol found in animal fats and cell membranes."},{"id":"vanillin","name":"Vanillin","formula":"C8H8O3","molecularWeight":152.15,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=O)O","pubchemCid":"1183","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1183"],"notes":"Main flavor compound of vanilla."},{"id":"menthol","name":"Menthol","formula":"C10H20O","molecularWeight":156.27,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"CC1CCC(C(C1)O)C(C)C","pubchemCid":"1254","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 1254"],"notes":"Cooling compound in mint."},{"id":"limonene","name":"Limonene","formula":"C10H16","molecularWeight":136.24,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"CC1=CCC(CC1)C(=C)C","pubchemCid":"22311","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 22311"],"notes":"Citrus peel scent."},{"id":"cinnamaldehyde","name":"Cinnamaldehyde","formula":"C9H8O","molecularWeight":132.16,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"C1=CC=C(C=C1)/C=C/C=O","pubchemCid":"637511","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 637511"],"notes":"Flavor of cinnamon."},{"id":"eugenol","name":"Eugenol","formula":"C10H12O2","molecularWeight":164.2,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CC=C)O","pubchemCid":"3314","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 3314"],"notes":"Scent of cloves."},{"id":"linalool","name":"Linalool","formula":"C10H18O","molecularWeight":154.25,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"CC(=CCCC(C)(C=C)O)C","pubchemCid":"6549","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6549"],"notes":"Floral scent in lavender."},{"id":"isoamyl-acetate","name":"Isoamyl acetate","formula":"C7H14O2","molecularWeight":130.19,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"CC(C)CCOC(=O)C","pubchemCid":"31276","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 31276"],"notes":"Banana flavor."},{"id":"benzaldehyde","name":"Benzaldehyde","formula":"C7H6O","molecularWeight":106.12,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"C1=CC=C(C=C1)C=O","pubchemCid":"240","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 240"],"notes":"Almond flavor."},{"id":"ethyl-butyrate","name":"Ethyl butyrate","formula":"C6H12O2","molecularWeight":116.16,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"CCCC(=O)OCC","pubchemCid":"7762","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 7762"],"notes":"Pineapple-like fruity flavor."},{"id":"camphor","name":"Camphor","formula":"C10H16O","molecularWeight":152.24,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"CC1(C2CCC1(C(=O)C2)C)C","pubchemCid":"2537","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 2537"]},{"id":"alpha-pinene","name":"alpha-Pinene","formula":"C10H16","molecularWeight":136.24,"category":"Flavor and fragrance","smiles":"CC1=CCC2CC1C2(C)C","pubchemCid":"6654","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6654"],"notes":"Pine scent."},{"id":"ethylene","name":"Ethylene","formula":"C2H4","molecularWeight":28.05,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"C=C","pubchemCid":"6325","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6325"],"notes":"Monomer for polyethylene; also a plant hormone that ripens fruit."},{"id":"vinyl-chloride","name":"Vinyl chloride","formula":"C2H3Cl","molecularWeight":62.5,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"C=CCl","pubchemCid":"6338","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6338"],"notes":"Monomer for PVC."},{"id":"styrene","name":"Styrene","formula":"C8H8","molecularWeight":104.15,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"C=CC1=CC=CC=C1","pubchemCid":"7501","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 7501"],"notes":"Monomer for polystyrene."},{"id":"bisphenol-a","name":"Bisphenol A","formula":"C15H16O2","molecularWeight":228.29,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"CC(C)(C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)O","pubchemCid":"6623","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6623"],"notes":"Building block of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins."},{"id":"benzene","name":"Benzene","formula":"C6H6","molecularWeight":78.11,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"C1=CC=CC=C1","pubchemCid":"241","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 241"]},{"id":"phenol","name":"Phenol","formula":"C6H6O","molecularWeight":94.11,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"C1=CC=C(C=C1)O","pubchemCid":"996","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 996"]},{"id":"formaldehyde","name":"Formaldehyde","formula":"CH2O","molecularWeight":30.03,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"C=O","pubchemCid":"712","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 712"],"notes":"Resins and preservative (formalin)."},{"id":"acetaldehyde","name":"Acetaldehyde","formula":"C2H4O","molecularWeight":44.05,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"CC=O","pubchemCid":"177","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 177"]},{"id":"naphthalene","name":"Naphthalene","formula":"C10H8","molecularWeight":128.17,"category":"Industrial chemical","smiles":"C1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1","pubchemCid":"931","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 931"],"notes":"Traditional mothball compound."},{"id":"dichlorodifluoromethane","name":"Dichlorodifluoromethane","formula":"CCl2F2","molecularWeight":120.91,"category":"Refrigerant","smiles":"C(F)(F)(Cl)Cl","pubchemCid":"6391","sourceIds":["PubChem CID 6391"],"notes":"CFC-12 (Freon-12); phased out under the Montreal Protocol."}]}